Delaware Bay Reefs

Delaware Artificial Reefs

Delaware has a string of artificial reef sites in the Delaware bay, but they are of little interest to divers. Most of the sites are quite shallow and perilously close to the shipping lanes, several of them were actually reduced for this reason. The conditions in the bay are hardly good for diving. The reefs consist mostly of concrete rubble from construction in Philadelphia and other cities on the river. Also shown is New Jersey's sole artificial reef in the bay.

There are however, 5 small vessels sunk in the bay, so in the name of completeness, here they are:

  • Golden Eagle - a 70' tugboat sunk August 1996, minimum depth 21', on reef site #8
  • A 40' steel pilot boat - sunk June 2006, depth 30', on reef site #1
  • P3 and Dolphin - 35’ and 42’ steel vessels, sunk April 19, 1999, depth 42', on reef site #7
  • Buchannon - a 120' x 40' steel barge sunk March 18, 2004 on reef site #6

Reef site #8 was shrunk by half and Golden Eagle is no longer actually inside the reef.

I cannot find any other documentation on these vessels, if anyone has anything, please send it in.

Delaware has eight permitted reefs in the Delaware Bay


Human Vision Underwater

When light travels from a less-dense medium like air to a more-dense medium like water, the rays are refracted or bent towards the normal or perpendicular of the surface between the two mediums. In crude terms, light going from air to water will tend to be straightened, while light going from water to air will tend to be ... um ... crookeded. Confused yet? Take a look at the figure below.

refraction
( Tautogolabrus adspesus )

In this figure, you can see the light rays traveling from an object in the water to your eyes, neglecting the effect of the flat glass lens of your mask. The blue lines trace the actual path of the light rays through the water and into the air, or conversely, through the air into the water - the direction really doesn't matter. As you can see, the rays are bent toward the perpendicular of the surface on the water side, and away from it on the air side.