Sailing Ships (3/5) ~ New Jersey Scuba Diving

Sailing Ships (3/5)

A packet ship of the early 1800s. Of note is the way the sails on the mainmast are set backward, against the sails on the fore- and mizzen- masts. Known as "backing", this was how a square-rigged ship "put on the brakes" to slow or stop without actually furling the sails.

Wind power has been used by mankind for millennia. Almost every human culture has constructed sailing vessels of some kind, from crude log or reed rafts to the highly developed wind-jammers of the early twentieth century. Many of these vessels were the most complex and technologically advanced machines of their time - equivalent to our jet airliners.

More: Sailing Ships ...

1 2 3 4 5

Harry Rush

Type:: shipwreck, sailing ship
Specs:: 965 tons
Sunk:: Wednesday February 17, 1943
possibly collision with barge F.F. Clain
Depth:: 80 ft

The Harry Rush is described as a freighter by Krotee, not always the most reliable source. The wreck commonly known as the Harry Rush is a sailing ship. The wreck is the typical three parallel wooden walls, very low-lying, with some steam machinery and chain pile at the west end. The orientation of the wreck is unusual, as if it sank while running for the shore, rather than riding out a storm. The absence of towing bits makes it likely this was a true sailing ship rather than a schooner barge.

More: Harry Rush ...

HMS Culloden

Type:: shipwreck, frigate, British Royal Navy
Name:: The Battle of Culloden, where in 1745 the English army massacred the last of the Scottish resistance ( and much of the civilian population ), completing the English conquest of Scotland.
Built:: 1776, England
Specs:: ( 170 x 47 ft ) 1658 gross tons, 650 crew
Sunk:: Monday January 24, 1781
ran aground in storm - no casualties
Depth:: 20 ft

More: HMS Culloden ...

HMS Hussar

Type:: shipwreck, frigate ( Mermaid-class, 6th-rate ), British Royal Navy
Name:: Hussars were light cavalry units of the period, known for their colorful and showy uniforms.
Built:: 1763, England
Specs:: ( 124 x 33 ft ) 627 gross tons
Sunk:: Thursday November 23, 1780
struck a rock - unknown casualties, including prisoners
Depth:: probably buried in the landfill under the police station near 135th Street

More: HMS Hussar ...

Isabel B Wiley

Type:: shipwreck, schooner, USA
Built:: 1901, Rockland Me USA
Specs:: ( 226 x 43 ft ) 1778 gross tons
Sunk:: Sunday June 2, 1918
bombed by U-151 - no casualties
Depth:: 200 ft

More: Isabel B Wiley ...

Jacob M Haskell

Type:: shipwreck, schooner, USA
Built:: 1901, Rockland Me USA
Specs:: ( 226 x 43 ft ) 1778 gross tons
Sunk:: Sunday June 2, 1918
bombed by U-151 - no casualties
Depth:: 200 ft

More: Jacob M Haskell ...

John Minturn

Type:: shipwreck, sailing ship, USA
Built:: 1841, Westerly RI USA
Specs:: ( 119 x 27 ft ) 398 tons
Sunk:: Thursday February 15, 1846
ran aground in storm - approximately 10 survivors and 40 dead
Depth:: 20 ft

More: John Minturn ...

Lavallette Wreck - Argyle?

Shipwreck Argyle — Detail from painting, 1880

Type:: shipwreck, sailing ship, Canada
Specs:: ( 107 x 24 ft ) 408 tons
6 crew & passengers
Sunk:: Sunday, January 28, 1855
ran aground in storm - 5-10 casualties
Depth:: 12 feet

More: Lavallette Wreck - Argyle? ...

Lizzie H. Brayton

Type:: shipwreck, schooner, USA
Built:: 1891, Bath ME USA
Specs:: ( 201 ft ) 979 tons, 9 crew
Sunk:: Sunday March 27, 1914
ran aground in storm - no casualties
Depth:: 15 ft

More: Lizzie H. Brayton ...

Logwood

Type:: shipwreck, sailing ship
Built:: 1906, Rockland, Maine, USA, as John D. Colwell
Specs:: ( 192 x 39 ft ) 1,042 gross tons, 14 passengers & crew
Sunk:: Wednesday May 12, 1920
collision with tanker Laramie, no casualties
Depth:: 95 ft

More: Logwood ...

Manasquan Wreck - Amity

Shipwreck Manasquan Wreck — A Black Ball packet ship ( *Orpheus* ) leaving New York, 1835. Note the Black Ball insignia on the fore-topsail.

Type:: shipwreck, sailing ship, USA
Built:: 1816, New York NY, USA
Specs:: 382 tons
Sunk:: Saturday April 24, 1824
ran aground in a fog - no casualties
Depth:: 30 ft

More: Manasquan Wreck - Amity ...

Sailing Ships

1 2 3 4 5

Water Pollution

Industrial Pollution

In the United States, industry is the greatest source of pollution, accounting for more than half the volume of all water pollution and for the most deadly pollutants. Some 370,000 manufacturing facilities use huge quantities of freshwater to carry away wastes of many kinds. The waste-bearing water, or effluent, is discharged into streams, lakes, or oceans, which in turn disperse the polluting substances. In its National Water Quality Inventory, reported to Congress in 1996, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency concluded that approximately 40% of the nation's surveyed lakes, rivers, and estuaries were too polluted for such basic uses as drinking supply, fishing, and swimming. The pollutants include grit, asbestos, phosphates and nitrates, mercury, lead, caustic soda and other sodium compounds, sulfur and sulfuric acid, oils, and petrochemicals.

More: Water Pollution ...