Patrice McAllister

Shipwreck Patrice McAllister
Patrice McAllister in 1976, shortly before her loss
Type:
shipwreck, tugboat, USA
Built:
1919, New Orleans LA USA, as Degrey
Specs:
( 94 x 24 ft ) 201 gross tons, no crew
Sunk:
Monday October 4, 1976
foundered in storm while under tow - no casualties
Depth:
55 ft
Shipwreck Patrice McAllister

Built in 1919, by Johnson Iron Works of New Orleans, Louisiana (hull #135) as the Degrey for the United States Shipping Board. In 1920, she was reassigned to the United States Army. The tug was later reassigned to the United States Army Corps of Engineersand designated as the Major Frazer. She was later acquired by the Avondale Towing Line of New York, New York and renamed M&J Tracy. In 1957, the tug acquired by the McAllister Brothers Towing Company of New York, New Yorkand renamed Patrice McAllister.

On October 4th, 1976 the Patrice McAllister was in tow by the tug Judith McAllister, en route from Camden, New Jersey to Jersey City, New Jersey, where the Patrice McAllister would undergo an overhaul of her main engine. The wind increased and sea conditions deteriorated. The Patrice McAllister began to take on water and eventually sank off of Atlantic City, New Jersey. The Judith McAllister was still attached to the wreck by her towing hawser and stayed directly over the wreck until the Coast Guard was able to mark the location with a buoy. The Patrice McAllister is still sitting upright and intact in 55 ft of water. Repowered in 1957, she was a single screw tug rated at 1,600 horsepower.

Shipwreck Patrice McAllister
Side-scan courtesy of Stockton University


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Nitrox

Human lungs are designed to extract the oxygen we need from air - a mixture of roughly 21% oxygen and 79% nitrogen, at a pressure of one atmosphere ( about 14.7 psia.) As you dive deeper and longer while breathing air, the increased pressure causes ever-greater amounts of both gases to dissolve in your blood and tissues. One would expect that eventually, such elevated concentrations would become troublesome, and indeed that is the case. As it turns out, nitrogen, with its greater concentration in the air, is the first gas to become a problem during a dive to recreational depths ( <130 ft. )

This problem is that of "off-gassing", or decreasing the concentration of dissolved nitrogen in the body at a rate that does not cause bubbles of the gas to form in the tissues and blood, the condition commonly known as the bends. One way to delay the onset of this problem is to decrease the concentration of nitrogen in the breathing gas, and the easiest way to do this is simply by increasing the concentration of oxygen. The resulting mixture is typically known as Enriched Air Nitrox and has become a staple in the diving community.

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