Herrings

American Shad

American Shad
( right )
Alosa sapidissima

Size: to 30" and over 9 pounds

Habitat: coastal and estuarine waters

Notes:

Founding Fish

Oceanic adult herrings spend their days deep and come up to the shallows at night to feed, so you are not very likely to see them. Small ones may be more commonly found in inshore waters. Sometimes the marinas and inlets are full of tiny immature herrings known as "Peanuts." Saltwater herrings ascend rivers to spawn. All herrings are primarily filter-feeders, although larger ones may also be predatory on small fishes, squids, and other prey.

Shad is the largest member of the herring family. They are highly sought-after as sport fish when they make their annual upriver spawning migration in the spring. Some landlocked shads may spend their entire lives in freshwater. Menhaden is another of the many local species of herring.

All herrings and their small cousins sardines share the same saw-tooth scales on the belly, giving them the name "saw-bellies". That's why the Knights of Ni demanded that King Arthur "cut down the tallest tree in the forest with ... a herring!" -- from Monty Python and the Holy Grail

Atlantic Herring
Atlantic Herring - Alosa aestivalis - to 15"
Blue Shark feeding on herring (NEFSC)

Rudderfish

Seriola zonata

Size
to 24"

Habitat
Coastal surface waters, congregating around any floating objects

Description
Juveniles ( shown, up to 12" ) are attractively patterned with six or seven dark bars; these are lost in adults, which are also much slimmer. Schools of small Rudderfish can often be found around boats, and even around divers hanging on the anchor line. Pilotfish are similar, but larger and retain dark bars throughout life.