Northern Coral

Northern Coral
Astrangia danae

Most tropical corals contain photosynthetic algae which provide a substantial amount of the polyp's food. White Encrusting Coral, also known as Northern Stony or Star Coral, contains no such algae and therefore can survive the low light conditions and temperatures of the North Atlantic where other corals would die. Instead, it is a filter-feeder, much like an anemone.

Corals are similar to anemones in many ways. Each coral polyp is like an anemone in a stony cup. Many corals are colonial ( as are some anemones ) sharing a single merged body among many polyps.

The live colony, with extended polyps, is pictured above; the skeleton below.

Northern Coral
Polyps extended.

Northern Star Coral is found on hard substrates, subtidally to 130'. It is found in colonies of up to thirty polyps that can have a diameter up to 5". The size of a single polyp is up to 0.4". The coral's color is off-white to pink, but animals that live in some areas can be translucent.

Northern Coral
Polyps withdrawn
Herb Segars Photography

Zebra Mussel

Dreissena polymorpha

Size: to 2"

Habitat: grows profusely on any solid surface

Zebra Mussel

Notes: Zebra Mussels were introduced into the Great Lakes in the mid-eighties from the Caspian Sea region of Eurasia. They probably arrived as larvae in the ballast water of visiting ships. Since then, they have been having a regular party - spreading like wildfire and often covering every available hard surface, including each other. This wreaks havoc with power-plant cooling systems and municipal water supplies, where masses of the tiny bivalves clog pipes and water intakes. The mussels also radically alter the native lake ecology by efficiently filtering nutrients from the water. This does have one positive effect for divers, however. Apparently, the Great Lakes and surrounding waters have never been cleaner or clearer.